Obesity & Energetic Offerings, Aug 2, 2013
Saturday, August 3, 2013For several months now, my colleagues at the University of Alabama have been compiling a weekly list of selected obesity related articles in a list they call Obesity and Energetic Offerings.
Obesity & Energetic Offerings are brought to you by the UAB NORC and Office of Energetics and compiled by David B. Allison, Michelle Bohan-Brown, Emily Dhurandhar, John Dawson, and Andrew Brown.
The following is a selection of articles from this week’s list – the link headings are theirs, not mine:
Featured
- Perceived Hill Slant and Obesity: Perception Does Not Care about How You Feel.
- US pediatric population-level associations of DXA-measured percentage of body fat with four BMI metrics with cutoffs.
- Metformin improves healthspan and lifespan in mice.
Findings Contrary to Hypotheses or Popular Ideas
- Cesarean mode of delivery was not clearly associated with BMI or overweight.
- No association between obesity and depressive disorder in adolescents at high risk for depression.
- RCT: A low-carbohydrate diet is as safe as Mediterranean or low-fat diets in preserving/improving renal function among moderately obese participants with or without type 2 diabetes.
- RCT: Acute ingestion of sugar-free red bull energy drink has no effect on upper body strength and muscular endurance in resistance trained men.
- RCT: Addition of personalized e-feedback in the enhanced program provided limited additional benefits compared to a standard commercial Web-based weight-loss program.
- RCT: n3 PUFAs Do Not Affect Adipose Tissue Inflammation in Overweight to Moderately Obese Men and Women.
- RCT: No effect of caffeine Intake on short bouts of physical activity or energy expenditure.
- RCT: No effect of conjugated linoleic acid and vitamin E on glycemic control, body composition, and inflammatory markers in overweight type 2 diabetics.
- Resveratrol Blunts the Positive Effects of Exercise Training on Cardiovascular Health in Aged Men.
- Thinness, rather than excess weight, is associated with decreased light, moderate and high intensity physical activity in Japanese pre-school children.
Study vs Headlines
- From ConscienHealth: “Headlines That Bite: Mosquitoes Cause Childhood Obesity?”
- USA Today: Are mosquitoes a cause of childhood obesity?
- Study: Child Outdoor Physical Activity is Reduced by Prevalence of the Asian Tiger Mosquito.
Caloric Restriction
- Dietary Restriction Induced Longevity Is Mediated by Nuclear Receptor NHR-62 in Caenorhabditis elegans.
- Caloric Restriction-Mediated Induction of Lipid Metabolism Gene Expression in Liver is Enhanced by Keap1-Knockdown.
- RCT: A study of caloric restriction versus standard diet in overweight men with newly diagnosed prostate cancer.
Clinical
- The impact of pharyngeal fat tissue on the pathogenesis of obstructive sleep apnea.
- RCT: Evaluation of a web-based program promoting healthy eating and physical activity for adolescents: Teen Choice: Food and Fitness.
- The association between weight loss in caregivers and adolescents in a treatment trial of adolescents with obesity.
- Mild Obesity Is Protective After Severe Burn Injury.
- Association of body mass index with arterial stiffness and blood pressure components: A twin study.
- Weight management program associated with postural balance improvements in obese children.
- No convincing evidence that most dietary supplements used as appetite suppressants for weight loss are effective and safe: Systematic Review of RCTs.
Cognition & Psychology
- Lunch with company reduces cognitive control, may increase social harmony.
- Only 15% of adults presenting for weight loss treatment meet purported criteria for “food addiction.”
- Ritual enhances the enjoyment of consumption by promoting greater involvement in the food-related experience.
- Early Stress Leads to Preference for Comfort Food in Rats.
- Association of a 7-year percent change in fat mass and muscle mass with subsequent cognitive dysfunction: the EPIDOS-Toulouse cohort.
- Functional capacity, muscle fat infiltration, power output and cognitive impairment in institutionalized frail oldest old.
Discrimination
- An author calls for a national employer to ban obesity in its employees.
- Denial of Treatment to Obese Patients—the Wrong Policy on Personal Responsibility for Health.
- Perceived Weight Discrimination and Obesity.
Evolution, Energetics and Ecology
- Fattened livers prep white sharks for extreme migrations.
- Late-moulting Black-necked Grebes Podiceps nigricollis show greater body mass in the face of failing food supply.
- Oxygen Brought Earliest Carnivores to Life.
- When a single genetic mutation first let ancient Europeans drink milk, it set the stage for a continental upheaval.
Epidemiology
- NIH math model predicts effects of diet, physical activity on childhood weight.
- Educational attainment and obesity: a systematic review.
- Beyond the “I” in the obesity epidemic: a review of social relational and network interventions on obesity.
Exercise
- RCT: Effect of high-intensity interval exercise on basal triglyceride metabolism in non-obese men.
- RCT: Influence of netball-based exercise on energy intake, subjective appetite and plasma acylated ghrelin in adolescent girls.
Food
- The effect of learning climate on snack consumption and ego depletion among undergraduate students.
- Effects of Inulin-Type Fructans on Appetite, Energy Intake, and Body Weight in Children and Adults: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.
- RCT: Soy fiber improves weight loss and lipid profile in overweight and obese adults.
- RCT: Effect of polydextrose and soluble maize fibre on energy metabolism, metabolic profile and appetite control in overweight men and women.
- RCT: Consuming 30 to 60 g/day of hazelnuts for 12-weeks causes no weight gain.
- Review: An Application of Pavlovian Principles to the Problems of Obesity and Cognitive Decline.
- RCT: Effects of dietary fatty acid composition from a high fat meal on satiety.
- Calories and portion sizes in classical Danish recipes throughout 100 years: An overlooked factor in the development of overweight and obesity?
- Chocolate in History: Food, Medicine, Medi-Food.
- Can The Smell Of Oranges Help Dieters Resist Sweet Treats?
- ASN position: Consumption of foods rich in cereal fiber or mixtures of whole grains and bran is modestly associated with a reduced risk of obesity, T2D, and CVD.
- Sacré bleu! The average Frenchman these days eats only half a baguette a day compared with almost a whole baguette in 1970 and more than three in 1900.
Marketing
- Generating better evidence to engage local food outlets in obesity prevention research.
- Using health primes to reduce unhealthy snack purchases among overweight consumers in a grocery store.
Methods
- A prototype portable breath acetone analyzer for monitoring fat loss.
- Nanothermometer takes the temperature of living cells.
- Comparative statistical analysis between two methods for the measurement of visceral fat in humans.
- Diet-induced mouse model of fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis reflecting clinical disease progression and methods of assessment
Policy Related
- Court Strikes Down NYC’s Big-Soda Ban.
- ‘Fat Taxes’ in Europe and Beyond – A Legal and Policy Analysis Under EU and WTO Law.
- A half-cent per ounce increase in sugar-sweetened beverage prices is predicted to reduce total calories from 23 foods and beverages but increase sodium and fat intakes as a result of product substitution.
- Front-of-pack nutrition labels have little impact on consumer choice: Study.
- Obesity and Other Health Concerns Lead Food Companies To Step Up Health and Nutrient Claims.
- New York City: ‘prescribing’ fruits and vegetables will “prevent an awful lot of disease”.
- Navajo Health Activists Push for Junk Food Tax.
- North Carolina Gets “Anti-Bloomberg” Law.
Sleep
- RCT: Disadvantageous shift in energy balance is primarily expressed in high-quality sleepers after a decline in quality sleep because of disturbance.
- Dim Light at Night Exaggerates Weight Gain and Inflammation Associated with a High-Fat Diet in Male Mice.
Transgenerational effects
- Maternal Obesity Induces Epigenetic Modifications to Facilitate Zfp423 Expression and Enhance Adipogenic Differentiation in Fetal Mice.
- Supplementation of the maternal diet during pregnancy with chocolate and fructose interacts with the high-fat diet of offspring to facilitate the onset of metabolic disorders in rat offspring.
- Maternal chocolate and sucrose soft drink intake induces hepatic steatosis in rat offspring associated with altered lipid gene expression profile.
- Limited evidence to support the ‘fetal overnutrition hypothesis’: A systematic review.
Basic
- The roles of melanin-concentrating hormone in energy balance and reproductive function: are they connected?
- Deletion of Selenoprotein M Leads to Obesity Without Cognitive Deficits.
- The role of adipose tissue circadian clocks in metabolic maintenance.
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@DrSharma
Edmonton, AB